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Interactive Grade 10 Science Climate & the Atmosphere Worksheet

Science · Grade 10 · 15 questions

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Climate & the Atmosphere

Which of the following correctly explains why deserts are often found at approximately 30° latitude (both north and south of the equator)?

A.Descending dry air from the Hadley cell's upper branch suppresses cloud formation and precipitation at these latitudes.B.The Coriolis effect deflects moisture-laden trade winds away from these latitudes, leaving them dry.C.Cold ocean currents at 30° latitude cool the air above them, reducing evaporation and moisture.D.The polar jet stream blocks moisture transport to the subtropical regions around 30° latitude.

What is the main difference between a greenhouse gas and an aerosol in terms of their effect on Earth's energy balance?

A.Greenhouse gases only affect incoming solar radiation, while aerosols only affect outgoing infrared radiationB.Greenhouse gases trap outgoing infrared radiation to warm the surface, while aerosols typically scatter or absorb incoming solar radiation and can cause coolingC.Greenhouse gases and aerosols both cause warming by the same mechanismD.Aerosols warm the climate by enhancing the greenhouse effect, while greenhouse gases cause cooling

Scientists project that continued warming will cause widespread melting of permafrost in Arctic regions. Why would this represent a positive feedback in the climate system?

A.Permafrost contains large stores of organic carbon; as it thaws, microbial decomposition releases CO₂ and CH₄, which are greenhouse gases that cause further warming.B.Permafrost reflects solar radiation; when it melts, more radiation is absorbed, cooling the surface and stabilising the climate.C.Melting permafrost releases water vapour, which is a negative feedback gas that absorbs outgoing radiation and cools the troposphere.D.Permafrost thaw increases plant growth, which absorbs CO₂ and reduces the warming effect.

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